Abstract Purpose of Review For many years, exercise was controversial in multiple sclerosis
(MS) and thought to exacerbate symptoms and fatigue. However, having been found to be …

The translation of knowledge from exercise training research into the clinical management of
multiple sclerosis, stroke, and Parkinson disease requires evidence-based guidelines that …

Objectives: To provide clinicians who treat multiple sclerosis (MS) patients with evidence-
based or expert opinion–based recommendations for promoting exercise and lifestyle …

Fatigue is one of the most common debilitating symptoms reported by persons with multiple
sclerosis (MS). It reflects feelings of tiredness, lack of energy, low motivation, and difficulty in …

Cognitive impairment is a common and devastating manifestation of multiple sclerosis (MS).
Although disease-modifying therapies have been efficacious for reducing relapse rates in …

Treatment of multiple sclerosis (MS) has become increasingly multifaceted and comprises
not only a variety of disease-modifying drugs with different mechanism of action but also a …

A harmonic brain-body communication is fundamental to individual wellbeing and is the
basis of human cognition and behavior. In the last 2 decades, the interaction between the …

Background: There have been significant advances in the medical treatment and
management of multiple sclerosis pathogenesis, relapse and disease progression over the …

Background A moderate to high level of physical activity, including regular exercise,
represents an established behavioral and rehabilitative approach for persons with multiple …

Introduction: The essential amino acid tryptophan (TRP) is primarily degraded through the
kynurenine (KYN) pathway, which is dysregulated in several chronic diseases. KYN …