The genetically encoded fluorescent sensors convert chemical and physical signals into
light. They are powerful tools for the visualisation of physiological processes in living cells …

Cellular signaling networks are the foundation which determines the fate and function of
cells as they respond to various cues and stimuli. The discovery of fluorescent proteins over …

Chemical synapses are heterogeneous junctions formed between neurons that are
specialized for the conversion of electrical impulses into the exocytotic release of …

Experimental efforts to understand how the brain represents, stores and processes
information require high-fidelity recordings of multiple different forms of neural activity within …

Extrasynaptic actions of glutamate are limited by high-affinity transporters expressed by
perisynaptic astroglial processes (PAPs): this helps maintain point-to-point transmission in …

The actions of neuromodulation are thought to mediate the ability of the mammalian brain to
dynamically adjust its functional state in response to changes in the environment. Altered …

Learning induces the formation of new excitatory synapses in the form of dendritic spines,
but their functional properties remain unknown. Here, using longitudinal in vivo two-photon …

We describe an intensity-based glutamate-sensing fluorescent reporter (iGluSnFR) with
signal-to-noise ratio and kinetics appropriate for in vivo imaging. We engineered iGluSnFR …

Neurotransmission between neurons, which can occur over the span of a few milliseconds,
relies on the controlled release of small molecule neurotransmitters, many of which are …

Synaptic loss is the cardinal feature linking neuropathology to cognitive decline in
Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, the mechanism of synaptic damage remains …