Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory vascular disease driven by traditional and
nontraditional risk factors. Genome-wide association combined with clonal lineage tracing …

Diabetic kidney disease is the leading cause of kidney failure worldwide; in the USA, it
accounts for over 50% of individuals entering dialysis or transplant programmes. Unlike …

Sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors block glucose reabsorption in the renal
proximal tubule, an insulin-independent mechanism that plays a critical role in glycemic …

Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i), or gliflozins, are a group of antidiabetic
drugs that have shown improvement in renal and cardiovascular outcomes in patients with …

Kidney size and glomerular filtration rate (GFR) often increase with the onset of diabetes,
and elevated GFR is a risk factor for the development of diabetic kidney disease …

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is an expanding global health problem, closely linked to
the epidemic of obesity. Individuals with T2DM are at high risk for both microvascular …

Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disease associated with high cardiovascular
(CV) risk. Sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) are the latest class of …

The kidney has a pivotal role in maintaining glucose homeostasis by using glucose as a
metabolic fuel, by producing glucose through gluconeogenesis, and by reabsorbing all …

Over the past two years, our understanding of anti-hyperglycemic medications used to treat
patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) has fundamentally changed. Before the EMPA-REG …

Abstract Sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors are glucose-lowering drugs
that reduce plasma glucose levels by inhibiting glucose and sodium reabsorption in the …