Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are a chemically defined group of reactive molecules
derived from molecular oxygen. ROS are involved in a plethora of processes in cells in all …

Neutrophils are the most abundant circulating leukocytes, being the first line of defence
against bacterial and fungal infections. However, neutrophils also contribute to tissue …

Intracellular organelles are subsystems within a cell, whose activity and chemical
composition reflect the metabolic state of live cells. Alterations in cellular homeostasis …

The human brain consumes 20% of the total basal oxygen (O 2) budget to support ATP
intensive neuronal activity. Without sufficient O 2 to support ATP demands, neuronal activity …

Nitric oxide (NO) is a small free radical with critical signaling roles in physiology and
pathophysiology. The generation of sufficient NO levels to regulate the resistance of the …

Oxidative damage can have a devastating effect on the structure and activity of proteins, and
may even lead to cell death. The sulfur-containing amino acids cysteine and methionine are …

Nanozymes are nanomaterials with similar catalytic activities to natural enzymes. Compared
with natural enzymes, they have numerous advantages, including higher physiochemical …

Significance: The release of myeloperoxidase (MPO) by activated leukocytes is critical in
innate immune responses. MPO produces hypochlorous acid (HOCl) and other strong …

The heme peroxidase family generates a battery of oxidants both for synthetic purposes, and
in the innate immune defence against pathogens. Myeloperoxidase (MPO) is the most …

Neutrophils are predominant immune cells that protect the human body against infections by
deploying sophisticated antimicrobial strategies including phagocytosis of bacteria and …