Pain medication plays an important role in the treatment of acute and chronic pain
conditions, but some drugs, opioids in particular, have been overprescribed or prescribed …

Acute pain is a physiological response that causes an unpleasant sensory and emotional
experience in the presence of actual or potential tissue injury. Anatomically and …

The role of peripheral physiology in the experience of emotion has been debated since the
19th century following the seminal proposal by William James that somatic responses to …

The concept of consciousness continues to defy definition and elude the grasp of
philosophical and scientific efforts to formulate a testable construct that maps to human …

Non-invasive functional brain imaging is used more than ever to investigate pain in health
and disease, with the prospect of finding new means to alleviate pain and improve patient …

Background Bedside clinical examinations can have high rates of misdiagnosis of
unresponsive wakefulness syndrome (vegetative state) or minimally conscious state. The …

The pain matrix is conceptualised here as a fluid system composed of several interacting
networks. A nociceptive matrix receiving spinothalamic projections (mainly posterior …

Despite advances in resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging investigations,
clinicians remain with the challenge of how to implement this paradigm on an individualized …

Functional neuroimaging and electrophysiology studies are changing our understanding of
patients with coma and related states. Some severely brain damaged patients may show …

Phantom perception refers to the conscious awareness of a percept in the absence of an
external stimulus. On the basis of basic neuroscience on perception and clinical research in …