Based on the analysis of 190 studies (18,573 participants), we estimate that the average
silent reading rate for adults in English is 238 words per minute (wpm) for non-fiction and …

It is commonly assumed that algorithmic curation of search results creates filter bubbles,
where users' beliefs are continually reinforced and opposing views are suppressed …

Deep reading fosters text comprehension, memory, and critical thinking. The growing
prevalance of digital reading on mobile interfaces raises concerns that deep reading is …

Critical reading requires a deep and active engagement with the text. The goal of this study
was to empirically determine what critical reading skills faculty believe students should …

Critical reading skills constitute an important part of an independent critical reader and are
often formed in advanced-level students. It is argued that low-level learners of English also …

When lab resources are shared among multiple research projects, issues such as
experimental integrity, replicability, and data safety become important. Different research …

It has been shown that readers spend a great deal of time skim reading on the Web and that
this type of reading can affect lexical processing of words. Across two experiments, we …

Eye gaze patterns can reveal user attention, reading fluency, corrective responding, and
other reading processes, suggesting they can be used to develop automated, real-time …

Observable reading behavior, the act of moving the eyes over lines of text, is highly
stereotyped among the users of a language, and this has led to the development of reading …

Introduction Early linguistic background, and in particular, access to language, lays the
foundation of future reading skills in deaf and hard-of-hearing signers. The current study …