The primary regulators of metazoan gene expression are enhancers, originally functionally
defined as DNA sequences that can activate transcription at promoters in an orientation …

Many cellular processes require large-scale rearrangements of chromatin structure.
Structural maintenance of chromosomes (SMC) protein complexes are molecular machines …

Animal genomes are folded into loops and topologically associating domains (TADs) by
CTCF and loop-extruding cohesins, but the live dynamics of loop formation and stability …

Genomic DNA is folded into loops and topologically associating domains (TADs), which
serve important structural and regulatory roles. It has been proposed that these genomic …

Although enhancers are central regulators of mammalian gene expression, the mechanisms
underlying enhancer–promoter (EP) interactions remain unclear. Chromosome …

In eukaryotes, genomic DNA is extruded into loops by cohesin. By restraining this process,
the DNA-binding protein CCCTC-binding factor (CTCF) generates topologically associating …

Understanding how chromatin is folded in the nucleus is fundamental to understanding its
function. Although 3D genome organization has been historically difficult to study owing to a …

Genomes have complex three-dimensional architectures. The recent convergence of
genetic, biochemical, biophysical, and cell biological methods has uncovered several …

It remains unclear why acute depletion of CTCF (CCCTC-binding factor) and cohesin only
marginally affects expression of most genes despite substantially perturbing three …

R-loops are three-stranded nucleic acid structures that are abundant and widespread across
the genome and that have important physiological roles in many nuclear processes. Their …