Conformational diseases are caused by mutations altering the folding pathway or final
conformation of a protein. Many conformational diseases are caused by mutations in …

The accumulation of unfolded proteins in the lumen of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER)
induces a coordinated adaptive program called the unfolded protein response (UPR). The …

Juxtaposition between endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and mitochondria is a common structural
feature, providing the physical basis for intercommunication during Ca2+ signalling; yet, the …

The mitochondrion has long been known both as a chemical powerplant and as a cellular
compartment housing various biosynthetic pathways. However, studies on the function of …

Nuclear DNA damage and ligation of plasma-membrane death receptors have long been
recognized as initial triggers of apoptosis that induce mitochondrial membrane …

The BH3-only proteins of Bcl-2 family are essential initiators of apoptosis that propagate
extrinsic and intrinsic cell death signals. The interaction of BH3-only proteins with other Bcl-2 …

In order to eliminate cells that are redundant, damaged, or infected, metazoan organisms
have evolved the cell suicide mechanism termed apoptosis (Kerr et al. 1972). This genetic …

Apoptotic programmed cell death pathways are activated by a diverse array of cell extrinsic
and intrinsic signals, most of which are ultimately coupled to the activation of effector …

The heterogenous subcellular distribution of a wide array of channels, pumps and
exchangers allows extracellular stimuli to induce increases in cytoplasmic Ca2+ …

The serine/threonine kinase Akt inhibits mitochondrial cytochrome c release and apoptosis
induced by a variety of proapoptotic stimuli. The antiapoptotic activity of Akt is coupled, at …