BACKGROUND Evolution is a strongly historical process, and evolutionary biology is a field
that combines history and science. How the historical nature of evolution affects the …

Commercial perennial agriculture is prone to declining productivity due to negative plant-soil
feedback. An alternative to costly and environmentally harmful conventional treatment such …

Drylands cover 41% of Earth's surface and are the largest source of interannual variability in
the global carbon sink. Drylands are projected to experience accelerated expansion over …

Climate prediction models suggest that agricultural productivity will be significantly affected
in the future. The expected rise in average global temperature due to the higher release of …

Hernández-Ledesma P., Berendsohn WG, Borsch Th., Mering S. von, Akhani H., Arias S.,
Castañeda-Noa I., Eggli U., Eriksson R., Flores-Olvera H., Fuentes-Bazán S., Kadereit G …

Photorespiratory metabolism is essential for plants to maintain functional photosynthesis in
an oxygen‐containing environment. Because the oxygenation reaction of Rubisco is …

Stable carbon isotope ratios (δ13 C) of terrestrial plants are employed across a diverse
range of applications in environmental and plant sciences; however, the kind of information …

C4 photosynthesis is one of the most convergent evolutionary phenomena in the biological
world, with at least 66 independent origins. Evidence from these lineages consistently …

Fifty years ago, the C4 photosynthetic pathway was first characterized. In the subsequent
five decades, much has been learned about C4 plants, such that it is now possible to place …

Similar traits and functions commonly evolve in nature. Here, we explore patterns of
replicated evolution across the plant kingdom and discuss the processes responsible for …