Mountain regions are unusually biodiverse, with rich aggregations of small-ranged species
that form centers of endemism. Mountains play an array of roles for Earth's biodiversity and …

Mountains are pivotal to maintaining habitat heterogeneity, global biodiversity, ecosystem
functions and services to humans. They have provided classic model natural systems for …

Climate's effect on global biodiversity is typically viewed through the lens of temperature,
humidity and resulting ecosystem productivity,,,,–. However, it is not known whether …

Origins of an alpine flora The evolution of high mountain floras is strongly influenced by
tectonic and climatic history. Ding et al. document the timing, tempo, and mode by which the …

Motivation More than half of Earth's species are contained in a mere 1.4% of its land area,
but the climates of many of these biodiversity hotspots are projected to disappear as a …

Species' geographic ranges are limited by climate and species interactions. Climate is the
prevailing explanation for why species live only within narrow elevational ranges in …

Tropical forests store 40–50 per cent of terrestrial vegetation carbon. However, spatial
variations in aboveground live tree biomass carbon (AGC) stocks remain poorly understood …

Global sustainability targets demand transformative changes. Nature-based solutions (NbS)
are gaining traction in science and policy, but their potential for transformative change …

Mountains are an essential component of the global life-support system. They are
characterized by a rugged, heterogenous landscape with rapidly changing environmental …

Drainage divides separate Earth's surface into individual river basins. Divide migration
impacts the evolution of landforms, regional climate, ecosystems and biodiversity. In this …