Biological invasions are a global consequence of an increasingly connected world and the
rise in human population size. The numbers of invasive alien species–the subset of alien …

The conservation, restoration, and improved management of terrestrial forests significantly
contributes to mitigate climate change and its impacts, as well as providing numerous co …

The COVID-19 pandemic has led to an increased demand for single-use plastics that
intensifies pressure on an already out-of-control global plastic waste problem. While it is …

In recent years, airborne microplastics have been identified in a range of remote
environments. However, data throughout the Southern Hemisphere, in particular Antarctica …

This chapter assesses the state of physical, biological and social knowledge concerning the
Arctic and Antarctic ocean and cryosphere, how they are affected by climate change, and …

Marine plastic debris floating on the ocean surface is a major environmental problem.
However, its distribution in the ocean is poorly mapped, and most of the plastic waste …

The coastal ocean represents an important global carbon sink and is a focus for
interventions to mitigate climate change and meet the Paris Agreement targets while …

Over the past decade, the Arctic has warmed by 0.75° C, far outpacing the global average,
while Antarctic temperatures have remained comparatively stable. As Earth approaches 2° …

Antarctica and the surrounding Southern Ocean are facing complex environmental change.
Their native biota has adapted to the region's extreme conditions over many millions of …

Global coastlines potentially contain significant amounts of plastic debris, with harmful
implications for marine and coastal ecosystems, fisheries and tourism. However, the global …