Interorganellar cooperation maintained via exquisitely controlled retrograde-signaling
pathways is an evolutionary necessity for maintenance of cellular homeostasis. This …

Tetrapyrroles such as chlorophyll and heme are co-factors for essential proteins involved in
a wide variety of crucial cellular functions. Nearly 2% of the proteins encoded by the …

The reliable and efficient production of microalgae in large-scale commercial culture,
whether in open ponds or in closed photobioreactors, requires a good understanding of the …

Early leaf growth is sustained by cell proliferation and subsequent cell expansion that
initiates at the leaf tip and proceeds in a basipetal direction. Using detailed kinematic and …

Higher plants produce four classes of tetrapyrroles, namely, chlorophyll (Chl), heme,
siroheme, and phytochromobilin. In plants, tetrapyrroles play essential roles in a wide range …

Background Celastrol (cel) was one of the earliest isolated and identified chemical
constituents of Tripterygium wilfordii Hook. f. Based on a cel probe (cel-p) that maintained …

Recent advances in the proteomic field have allowed high-throughput experiments to be
conducted on chloroplast samples. Many proteomic investigations have focused on either …

Успешная закладка генеративных структур и вызревание плодов, семян и других
хозяйственно ценных органов культурных растений во многом зависят от …

Intracellular signaling from plastids to the nucleus, called retrograde signaling, coordinates
the expression of nuclear and plastid genes and is essential for plastid biogenesis and for …

Retrograde signalling from plastids to the nucleus is necessary to regulate the organelle's
proteome during the establishment of photoautotrophy and fluctuating environmental …