Immune checkpoint inhibitors targeting programmed cell death protein 1, programmed death-
ligand 1, and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 provide deep and durable …

Colorectal cancer is one of the so-called westernized diseases and the second leading
cause of cancer death worldwide. On the basis of global epidemiological and scientific …

Humans and their microbiota have coevolved a mutually beneficial relationship in which the
human host provides a hospitable environment for the microorganisms and the microbiota …

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) afflicted individual and most medications have side-
effects. Crataegus pinnatifida (Hawthorn), which is a safe medicine and food homolog plant …

IBD is a chronic inflammatory condition of the gastrointestinal tract encompassing two main
clinical entities: Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. Although Crohn's disease and …

Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) are both highly inflammatory diseases of
the gastrointestinal tract, collectively known as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Although …

The barrier surfaces of the gastrointestinal tract are in constant contact with various
microorganisms. Cytokines orchestrate the mucosal adaptive and innate immune cells in the …

Among the most extensively researched processes in the development and treatment of
cancer is inflammatory condition. Although acute inflammation is essential for the wound …

The understanding of the intestinal inflammation occurring in the inflammatory bowel
diseases (IBD) has been immeasurably advanced by the development of the now numerous …

Acute inflammation is a response to an alteration induced by a pathogen or a physical or
chemical insult, which functions to eliminate the source of the damage and restore …