The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is the largest organelle in cells and has fundamental
functions, such as folding, processing, and trafficking of proteins, cellular metabolism, and …

Abstract Knowledge gained over the past 10 years about the mechanisms that underpin
autophagy has provided a universal framework for studies of diverse physiological and …

Accumulation of mutant proteins is a major cause of many diseases (collectively called
proteopathies), and lowering the level of these proteins can be useful for treatment of these …

Many researchers, especially those new to the field, need to determine which criteria are
essential for demonstrating autophagy, either for the purposes of their own research, or in …

PINK1-Parkin mediated mitophagy, a selective form of autophagy, represents one of the
most important mechanisms in mitochondrial quality control (MQC) via the clearance of …

In 2008, we published the first set of guidelines for standardizing research in autophagy.
Since then, this topic has received increasing attention, and many scientists have entered …

In 2008, we published the first set of guidelines for standardizing research in autophagy.
Since then, this topic has received increasing attention, and many scientists have entered …

Mitochondria are essential organelles that regulate cellular energy homeostasis and cell
death. The removal of damaged mitochondria through autophagy, a process called …

Reactive oxygen and nitrogen species change cellular responses through diverse
mechanisms that are now being defined. At low levels, they are signalling molecules, and at …

Autophagy is a lysosome-dependent mechanism of intracellular degradation. The cellular
and molecular mechanisms underlying this process are highly complex and involve multiple …