Since the 1980s, many studies have reported the importance of biofilm carrier roughness on
microbial attachment. Roughness can enhance the wettability (hydrophobicity or …

The suspended microalgal cultivation systems targeting the production of lipid for biodiesel
is still unable to meet the commercial and economic feasibility due to high energy and cost …

Microorganisms play a vital role in degradation of multiple pollutants in constructed wetlands
(CWs). Thus, the search for methods to improve microbial degradation in CWs is crucial …

Abstract Biofilm carriers, named 'biocarriers', are solids that allow the good attachment of
microbes during wastewater treatment. Biocarriers also act as redox mediators to speed up …

The long term survival of fecal indicator organisms (FIOs) and human pathogenic
microorganisms in sediments is important from a water quality, human health and ecological …

Industrial development has led to generation of large volumes of wastewater containing
heavy metals, which need to be removed before the wastewater is released into the …

Moving-bed biofilm reactor (MBBR) is a well-established technology for simultaneous
nitrification and denitrification (SND). In MBBR, biofilm development and pollutant removal …

In the last decades, moving-bed biofilm reactors (MBBRs) have found a niche in the
treatment of municipal and industrial wastewaters due to advantages of compactness …

In this paper, bioaugmentation was applied to upgrade a full-scale activated sludge system
(S2) into a contact oxidation system (S1). Results showed that when chemical oxygen …

Microbial biofilms have gained significant traction in commercial wastewater treatment due
to their inherent resilience, well-organized structure, and potential for collaborative …