Victims of rape are uniquely vulnerable for being blamed for their assault relative to victims
of other interpersonal crimes and thus much research has been conducted to understand …

A quarter of a century ago, philosopher Judith called upon society to create “gender trouble”
by disrupting the binary view of sex, gender, and sexuality. She argued that gender, rather …

American racism is alive and well. In this essay, we amass a large body of classic and
contemporary research across multiple areas of psychology (eg, cognitive, developmental …

In the Western world, gender has traditionally been viewed as binary and as following
directly from biological sex. This view is slowly changing among both experts and the …

What does it take for women to win political office? This book uncovers a gendered
qualifications gap, showing that women need to be significantly more qualified than men to …

Essentialism is an ontological belief that social groups share underlying “essences,” while
social constructionism suggests social groups are formed and upheld by cultural …

Surprisingly little is known about transgender attitudes, partly due to a need for improved
measures of beliefs about transgender people. Four studies introduce a novel Implicit …

Prejudice against or affirmation of gender/sex minorities is often framed in terms of beliefs
about the ontology of gender/sex (ie, what gender/sex is), or gender/sex diversity beliefs. We …

A hallmark of human cognition is the capacity to think about observable experience in ways
that are nonobvious—from scientific concepts (genes, molecules) to everyday …

A problematic way to think about social categories is to essentialize them—to treat particular
differences between people as marking fundamentally distinct social kinds. From where do …