This review explores the anatomical considerations and technical aspects of thread lifting for
the forehead and eyebrow, focusing on the relationships between vascular structures …

The orbicularis oculi muscle, situated just beneath the eyelid skin, is crucial in eyelid
movement (see Image. Muscles of the Head, Face, and Neck). This muscle extends from the …

Bunny lines are vertical and diagonal wrinkles attributed to contractions of the nasalis
muscle. Common management involves botulinum toxin (BoNT) injections into wrinkles …

Chemodenervation with botulinum A toxin and neuromuscular retraining therapy are
commonly performed as first-line treatments for postparalytic facial nerve syndrome (PFS) …

Existing lip synchronization (lip-sync) methods generate accurately synchronized mouths
and faces in a generated video. However, they still confront the problem of artifacts in …

Background Aesthetic minimally invasive procedures have become very popular and
culturally acceptable among Middle Eastern populations. Botulinum neurotoxin type A …

Introduction The corrugator supercilii muscle (CSM) has traditionally been recognized as a
primary depressor of the eyebrows, playing a key role in expressing negative emotions and …

The anatomical underpinnings of primate facial expressions are essential to exploring their
evolution. Traditionally, it has been accepted that the primate face exhibits a “scala natura” …

Background Among the nasal muscles, the levator labii superior alaeque nasi (LLSAN) acts
as a transitional muscle that conjugates with other nasal and perinasal muscles. Thus, when …

Abstract Background Botulinum neurotoxin (BoNT) and filler injections into the highly
vascularized glabellar region for aesthetical purposes are extremely common. Injections into …