Since its development about 40 years ago (1981–2021), Morris water maze has turned into
a very popular tool for assessing spatial learning and memory. Its many advantages have …

Neurological illnesses, including cognitive impairment, memory decline and dementia, affect
over 50 million people worldwide, imposing a substantial burden on individuals and society …

Fascinating phenomena such as landmark vector cells and splitter cells are frequently
discovered in the hippocampus. Without a unifying principle, each experiment seemingly …

In mammals, the selective transformation of transient experience into stored memory occurs
in the hippocampus, which develops representations of specific events in the context in …

Spatial learning in teleost fish requires an intact telencephalon, a brain region that contains
putative analogues to components of the mammalian limbic system (for example …

Entorhinal cortical grid cells fire in a periodic pattern that tiles space, which is suggestive of a
spatial coordinate system. However, irregularities in the grid pattern as well as responses of …

Abstract The theta oscillation (5–10 Hz) is a prominent behavior-specific brain rhythm. This
review summarizes studies showing the multifaceted role of theta rhythm in cognitive …

How do we recollect specific events that have occurred during continuous ongoing
experience? There is converging evidence from non-human animals that spatially …

As babies rapidly acquire motor skills that give them increasingly independent and wide-
ranging access to the environment over the first two years of human life, they decrease their …

Hippocampal adult neurogenesis has been associated to many cognitive, emotional, and
behavioral functions and dysfunctions, and its status as a selected effect or an “appendix of …