Abstract L-DOPA-induced dyskinesia (LID) is the most common form of hyperkinetic
movement disorder resulting from altered information processing in the cortico-basal ganglia …

Many patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) experiencing l-DOPA-induced dyskinesia (LID)
receive adjunct treatment with dopamine agonists, whose functional impact on LID is …

Long-term levodopa administration can lead to the development of levodopa-induced
dyskinesia. Gamma oscillations are a widely recognized hallmark of abnormal neural …

Psychosis in Parkinson's disease is a common phenomenon associated with poor
outcomes. To clarify the pathophysiology of this condition and the mechanisms of …

dimethoxy-4-methylamphetamine (DOM) and lisuride are both 5-HT 2A receptor partial
agonists. Lisuride exhibits a similar affinity to DOM but lacks hallucinogenic properties …

Gamma oscillations have been frequently observed in levodopa-induced dyskinesia (LID),
manifest as broadband (60-120 Hz) and narrowband (80-110 Hz) gamma activity in cortico …

I. Abstract Parkinson's disease (PD) is a multifactorial, progressive neurodegenerative
disease that has a profound impact on those it afflicts. Its hallmark pathophysiology is …

L-3, 4-Dihydroxyphenylalanine (L-DOPA) is effective at alleviating motor impairments in
Parkinson's disease (PD) patients but has mixed effects on nonmotor symptoms and causes …

Background Levodopa-induced dyskinesia (LID) is a challenging complication in the
advanced stages of Parkinson's disease (PD). Excessive beta and gamma oscillations of PD …

Levodopa, a metabolic precursor of dopamine (DA), is used to treat movement disorders in
Parkinson's disease (PD). Long-term use of levodopa causes a serious side effect known as …