This brief presents a picowatt CMOS voltage reference with ultra-low supply and wide
temperature range. Biased by PMOS leakage current, ultra-low voltage and ultra-low power …

This brief presents an NMOS-only voltage reference with small process variations for ultra-
low-power applications. All MOSFETs work in the subthreshold region and are biased by the …

This paper presents a self-biased subthreshold CMOS voltage reference for low-power and
low-voltage applications. To achieve near-zero line sensitivity and high PSRR, a …

Voltage reference circuits are a basic building block in most integrated microsystems,
covering a wide spectrum of applications. Hence, they constitute a subject of great interest …

Leakage diodes cause deviations in the thermal drift of ultra-low-power two-transistor (2T)
reference circuits, resulting in either convex or concave output voltages against temperature …

The robustness of current and voltage references to process, voltage and temperature (PVT)
variations is paramount to the operation of integrated circuits in real-world conditions …

Voltage references (VRs) play a crucial role in the PMUs of electronic systems, providing a
stable voltage regardless of process variations, supply voltage fluctuations, and temperature …

Internet-of-Things (IoT) applications require nW-power current references that are robust to
process, voltage and temperature (PVT) variations, to maintain the performance of IoT …

This paper proposes a picowatt voltage reference for Internet-of-Things applications, which
require fast response speed and high insensitivity to variations of the process, supply …

In this brief, a CMOS voltage reference based on mutual temperature compensation using
NMOS transistors of the same threshold type is advanced. The technique consists in …