The predominantly animal-centric approach of chemical safety assessment has increasingly
come under pressure. Society is questioning overall performance, sustainability, continued …

Biomedical research is undergoing a paradigm shift towards approaches centred on human
disease models owing to the notoriously high failure rates of the current drug development …

One of the problems that has slowed the development and approval of new anticancer
therapies is the lack of preclinical models that can be used to identify key molecular, cellular …

Advances in the biological sciences have led to an ongoing paradigm shift in toxicity testing
based on expanded application of high-throughput in vitro screening and in silico methods …

Microphysiological systems (MPSs) are in vitro models that capture facets of in vivo organ
function through use of specialized culture microenvironments, including 3D matrices and …

The first microfluidic microphysiological systems (MPS) entered the academic scene more
than 15 years ago and were considered an enabling technology to human in vitro (patho) …

Organ-on-a-chip (OoC), also known as micro physiological systems or “tissue chips” have
attracted substantial interest in recent years due to their numerous applications, especially in …

The supplementation of culture medium with fetal bovine serum (FBS, also referred to as
“fetal calf serum”) is still common practice in cell culture applications. Due to a number of …

Drug-induced liver injury (DILI) is a patient-specific, temporal, multifactorial
pathophysiological process that cannot yet be recapitulated in a single in vitro model …

Reports from Wuhan suggest that 36% of COVID-19 patients show neurological symptoms,
and cases of viral encephalitis have been reported, suggesting that the virus is neurotropic …