Since the early 1990s, ecologists and evolutionary biologists have aggregated primary
research using meta‐analytic methods to understand ecological and evolutionary …

In this paper, we consider a predator–prey model with fear response delay, gestation delay,
fear effect, prey refuge, harvesting and Crowley–Martin type functional response. First, we …

The impact of increasing vertebrate predator numbers on bird populations is widely debated
among the general public, game managers and conservationists across Europe. However …

Adaptive management is a powerful means of learning about complex ecosystems, but is
rarely used for recovering endangered species. Here, we demonstrate how it can benefit …

One of the classic ecological questions is how predators affect population size. This is often
assessed by measuring how many individuals are killed by a predator, yet such direct effects …

Predators shape ecosystem structure and function through their direct and indirect effects on
prey, which permeate through ecological communities. Predators are often perceived as …

Habitat loss is affecting many species, including the southern mountain caribou (Rangifer
tarandus caribou) population in western North America. Over the last half century, this …

META-ANALYSIS USES SUMMARY STATISTICS like effect sizes to combine information
from multiple studies. Yet a common problem encountered when collecting information for …

A great part of the Earth's biodiversity occurs on islands, to which humans have brought a
legion of invasive species that have caused population declines and even extinctions. The …

Bird species are declining across Europe. Current European policy, that is, the Birds and
Habitats Directives, focus on habitat management as a way of halting the declines. This …