Highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses at the wild–domestic bird interface in Europe: future directions for research and surveillance

JH Verhagen, RAM Fouchier, N Lewis - Viruses, 2021 - mdpi.com
Highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) outbreaks in wild birds and poultry are no longer a
rare phenomenon in Europe. In the past 15 years, HPAI outbreaks—in particular those …

Evolution, global spread, and pathogenicity of highly pathogenic avian influenza H5Nx clade 2.3. 4.4

DH Lee, K Bertran, JH Kwon… - Journal of veterinary …, 2017 - synapse.koreamed.org
Novel subtypes of Asian-origin (Goose/Guangdong lineage) H5 highly pathogenic avian
influenza (HPAI) viruses belonging to clade 2.3. 4, such as H5N2, H5N5, H5N6, and H5N8 …

Intercontinental movement of highly pathogenic avian influenza A (H5N1) clade 2.3. 4.4 virus to the United States, 2021

SN Bevins, SA Shriner, JC Cumbee Jr… - Emerging infectious …, 2022 - pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
We detected Eurasian-origin highly pathogenic avian influenza A (H5N1) virus belonging to
the Gs/GD lineage, clade 2.3. 4.4 b, in wild waterfowl in 2 Atlantic coastal states in the United …

Emergence and spread of novel H5N8, H5N5 and H5N1 clade 2.3. 4.4 highly pathogenic avian influenza in 2020

NS Lewis, AC Banyard, E Whittard… - Emerging Microbes & …, 2021 - Taylor & Francis
Analyses of HPAI H5 viruses from poultry outbreaks across a wide Eurasian region since
July 2020 including the Russian Federation, Republics of Iraq and Kazakhstan, and recent …

Highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) H5 clade 2.3. 4.4 b virus infection in birds and mammals

G Graziosi, C Lupini, E Catelli, S Carnaccini - Animals, 2024 - mdpi.com
Simple Summary Avian influenza viruses are highly contagious respiratory viruses that
severely impact bird populations, causing significant morbidity, mortality, and economic …

A brief history of bird flu

SJ Lycett, F Duchatel, P Digard - … Transactions of the …, 2019 - royalsocietypublishing.org
In 1918, a strain of influenza A virus caused a human pandemic resulting in the deaths of 50
million people. A century later, with the advent of sequencing technology and corresponding …

Multiple transatlantic incursions of highly pathogenic avian influenza clade 2.3. 4.4 b A (H5N5) virus into North America and spillover to mammals

CNG Erdelyan, A Kandeil, AV Signore, MEB Jones… - Cell reports, 2024 - cell.com
Highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) viruses have spread at an unprecedented scale,
leading to mass mortalities in birds and mammals. In 2023, a transatlantic incursion of HPAI …

Pandemic potential of highly pathogenic avian influenza clade 2.3. 4.4 A (H5) viruses

R Yamaji, MD Saad, CT Davis… - Reviews in Medical …, 2020 - Wiley Online Library
The panzootic caused by A/goose/Guangdong/1/96‐lineage highly pathogenic avian
influenza (HPAI) A (H5) viruses has occurred in multiple waves since 1996. From 2013 …

Genesis and spread of multiple reassortants during the 2016/2017 H5 avian influenza epidemic in Eurasia

SJ Lycett, A Pohlmann, C Staubach, V Caliendo… - Proceedings of the …, 2020 - pnas.org
Highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) viruses of the H5 A/goose/Guangdong/1/96
lineage can cause severe disease in poultry and wild birds, and occasionally in humans. In …

Multiple reassortants of H5N8 clade 2.3. 4.4 b highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses detected in South Korea during the winter of 2020–2021

YG Baek, YN Lee, DH Lee, J Shin, JH Lee, DH Chung… - Viruses, 2021 - mdpi.com
During October 2020–January 2021, we isolated a total of 67 highly pathogenic avian
influenza (HPAI) H5N8 viruses from wild birds and outbreaks in poultry in South Korea. We …