The last ten years of attention research have witnessed a revolution, replacing a theoretical
dichotomy (top-down vs. bottom-up control) with a trichotomy (biased by current goals …

While often seeming to investigate rather different problems, research into value-based
decision making and cognitive control have historically offered parallel insights into how …

Movements of the Mind is about what it is to be an agent. Focusing on mental agency, it
integrates multiple approaches, from philosophical analysis of the metaphysics of agency to …

The human prefrontal cortex contains two prominent areas, the frontal eye field and the
inferior frontal junction, that are crucially involved in the orchestrating functions of attention …

Attention helps us to be aware of the external world, and this may be especially important
when a threat stimulus predicts an aversive outcome. Electroencephalogram (EEG) alpha …

Reward learning is key to survival for individuals. Attention plays an important role in the
rapid recognition of reward cues and establishment of reward memories. Reward history …

Attention is biased toward stimuli that have been associated with aversive outcomes in the
past. This bias has previously been interpreted as reflecting automatic orienting toward …

The control of attention was long held to reflect the influence of two competing mechanisms
of assigning priority, one goal-directed and the other stimulus-driven. Learning-dependent …

Reward history, physical salience, and task relevance all influence the degree to which a
stimulus competes for attention, reflecting value-driven, stimulus-driven, and goal-contingent …

Rewarding and aversive outcomes have opposing effects on behavior, facilitating approach
and avoidance, although we need to accurately anticipate each type of outcome to behave …