In chemistry, reasoning about the underlying mechanisms of observed phenomena lies at
the core of scientific practices. The process of uncovering, analyzing, and interpreting …

It is essential for today's students to learn about science and engineering in order to make
sense of the world around them and participate as informed members of a democratic …

Although scaffolding—often in the form of help from a teacher—supports students to achieve
more than they can do on their own, prior reviews have not focused on the role of the …

The teaching practices of recognizing and responding to students' ideas during instruction
are often called formative assessment, and can be conceptualized by four abilities …

Abstract The Framework for K‐12 Science Education details ambitious goals for students'
learning of science content and practices. However, this document provides science …

Constructing arguments is essential in science subjects like chemistry. For example,
students in organic chemistry should learn to argue about the plausibility of competing …

Instructional tasks are key features of classroom practice, but little is known about how
different components of tasks—such as selecting or designing tasks for a lesson, launching …

Recent efforts in organic chemistry education research focus on investigating activities and
strategies designed to elicit students' mechanistic reasoning. This study investigates how a …

Despite increasing awareness about the role of classroom assessments in perpetuating
educational inequities, the research community continues to struggle with how to support …

ABSTRACT A teacher's ability to attend and respond to student thinking is a key instructional
capacity for promoting complex and deeper learning in science classrooms. This qualitative …