For centuries, regular exercise has been acknowledged as a potent stimulus to promote,
maintain, and restore healthy functioning of nearly every physiological system of the human …

Abstract Cardiovascular (CV) disease (CVD) is a leading cause of premature death and
hospitalization which places a significant strain on health services and economies around …

Objective The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of moderate-intensity
training on the calcineurin/nuclear factor of activated t-cells (NFAT) pathway and factors …

The cardiovascular system provides blood supply throughout the body. By responding to
various stimuli, it can control the velocity and amount of blood carried through the vessels …

Impaired exercise capacity is the key symptom of heart failure (HF) and is associated with
reduced quality of life and higher mortality rates. Unfortunately, current therapies, although …

This study investigates the role and mechanisms by which the myokine musclin promotes
exercise-induced cardiac conditioning. Exercise is one of the most powerful triggers of …

BACKGROUND: Patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy without left ventricular outflow
tract obstruction commonly experience reduced exercise capacity. Physical training …

Objectives: Explain the differences in acute and chronic cardiovascular adaptations to
aerobic exercise. Explain the differences in acute and chronic musculoskeletal adaptations …

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common cardiac arrhythmia, characterized by irregular atrial
activity. AF is related to increased risk of thromboembolic events, heart failure, and …

Introduction Current physical activity guidelines recommend 150 min of moderate-to-
vigorous physical activity (MVPA) for health benefits, regardless of the pattern of MVPA …