The direct impacts of climate change involve a multitude of phenomena, including rising sea
levels, intensified severe weather events such as droughts and flooding, increased …

We assess evidence relevant to Earth's equilibrium climate sensitivity per doubling of
atmospheric CO2, characterized by an effective sensitivity S. This evidence includes …

Working Group I (WGI) of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) assesses
the current evidence on the physical science of climate change, evaluating knowledge …

Tropical cyclones (TCs, also known as hurricanes and typhoons) generally form at low
latitudes with access to the warm waters of the tropical oceans, but far enough off the …

A review of the experimental protocol and motivation for DYAMOND, the first
intercomparison project of global storm-resolving models, is presented. Nine models …

The representation of nonlinear subgrid processes, especially clouds, has been a major
source of uncertainty in climate models for decades. Cloud-resolving models better …

By coordinating the design and distribution of global climate model simulations of the past,
current, and future climate, the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP) has become …

Weather forecasting plays a fundamental role in the early warning of weather impacts on
various aspects of human livelihood. For instance, weather forecasting provides decision …

Representing unresolved moist convection in coarse‐scale climate models remains one of
the main bottlenecks of current climate simulations. Many of the biases present with …

Extreme weather and climate‐related events occur in a particular place, by definition,
infrequently. It is therefore challenging to detect systematic changes in their occurrence …