A large scholarship currently holds that before the onset of anthropogenic global warming,
natural climatic changes long provoked subsistence crises and, occasionally, civilizational …

The demand for large-scale and long-term information on tree growth is increasing rapidly
as environmental change research strives to quantify and forecast the impacts of continued …

Including an exceptionally warm Northern Hemisphere summer,, 2023 has been reported as
the hottest year on record,–. However, contextualizing recent anthropogenic warming …

Recent decades have seen the rapid expansion of scholarship that identifies societal
responses to past climatic fluctuations. This fast-changing scholarship, which was recently …

In order to evaluate how much Total Solar Irradiance (TSI) has influenced Northern
Hemisphere surface air temperature trends, it is important to have reliable estimates of both …

Common Era temperature variability has been a prominent component in Intergovernmental
Panel on Climate Change reports over the last several decades and was twice featured in …

Abstract The Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (phase 6)(CMIP6) global circulation
models (GCMs) predict equilibrium climate sensitivity (ECS) values ranging between 1.8 …

Global and hemispheric temperature reconstructions provide an important means of placing
recent anthropogenic temperature trends in the context of preindustrial climate variations …

X‐ray microdensitometry on annually resolved tree‐ring samples has gained an exceptional
position in last‐millennium paleoclimatology through the maximum latewood density (MXD) …

Numerical simulations indicate that extreme climate events (eg, droughts, floods, heat
waves) will increase in a warming world, putting enormous pressure on society and political …