The marine environment has remained a source of novel biological molecules with
diversified applications. The ecological and biological diversity, along with a unique physical …

The cell wall of brown algae contains alginate as a major constituent. This anionic polymer
is a composite of β-d-mannuronate (M) and α-l-guluronate (G). Alginate can be degraded …

The deep sea, which is defined as sea water below a depth of 1000 m, is one of the largest
biomes on the Earth, and is recognised as an extreme environment due to its range of …

Collagens are abundant structural proteins found in connective tissues such as bones, swim
bladder, skin, blood vessels, intestines, and cartilage. They make up around 30% of the total …

Biodiversity has been explored in the search for novel enzymes, including forests, savannas,
tundras, deserts, and finally the sea. Marine microorganisms and their enzymes are capable …

With the modern world focusing on environmental friendly products, more and more
chemical processes are being replaced by enzymatic methods. Alkaline proteases (APases) …

Thermozymes (from thermophiles or hyperthermophiles) offer obvious advantages due to
their excellent thermostability, broad pH adaptation, and hydrolysis ability, resulting in …

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) have emerged as a major threat to global health resulting
in a decrease in life expectancy with respect to humans. Thrombosis is one of the foremost …

The marine ecosystem has been known to be a significant source of novel enzymes.
Esterase enzymes (EC 3.1. 1.1) represent a diverse group of hydrolases that catalyze the …

Fucoidanases are hydrolytic enzymes that degrade fucoidan to a lower molecular weight
while retaining the side substituent groups of the polymer. Fucoidanases are produced by …