Wind-waves have an important role in Earth system dynamics through air–sea interactions
and are key drivers of coastal and offshore hydro-morphodynamics that affect communities …

Climate change has emerged across many regions. Some observed regional climate
changes, such as amplified Arctic warming and land-sea warming contrasts have been …

Central North America is the global hotspot for tornadoes, fueled by elevated terrain of the
Rockies to the west and a source of warm, moist air from equatorward oceans. This …

Ocean waves excite continuous globally observable seismic signals. We use data from 52
globally distributed seismographs to analyze the vertical component primary microseism …

Interest in offshore wind, wave, and tidal energy power generation to supply electricity to the
grid nearshore or power off-grid applications far offshore has motivated numerous studies of …

Quantifying the strength and efficiency of the Southern Ocean biological carbon pump (BCP)
and its response to predicted changes in the Earth's climate is fundamental to our ability to …

Satellite measurements show that the Northern and Southern hemispheres reflect equal
amounts of shortwave radiation (“albedo symmetry”), but no theory exists on if, how, and why …

Reanalysis data show a significant weakening of summertime circulation in the Northern
Hemisphere (NH) midlatitudes in the satellite era with implications for surface weather …

The time-extended empirical orthogonal function (EEOF) patterns of error developed in a
companion paper are applied in this study for model data postprocessing. Projecting …

The circulation response to climate change shapes regional climate and extremes. Over the
last decade an increasing number of atmospheric circulation signals have been …