Clathrin-mediated endocytosis oversees the constitutive packaging of selected membrane
cargoes into transport vesicles that fuse with early endosomes. The process is responsive to …

The replication and pathogenicity of lentiviruses is crucially modulated by “auxiliary proteins”
which are expressed in addition to the canonical retroviral ORFs gag, pol, and env …

ABSTRACT HIV-1 Nef and Vpu are thought to optimize virus replication in the infected host,
at least in part via their ability to interfere with vesicular host cell trafficking. Despite the use …

Advances in the last several years have enhanced mechanistic understanding of Nef-
induced CD4 and MHCI downregulation and have suggested a new paradigm for analyzing …

Phagocytosis in macrophages is receptor mediated and relies on actin polymerization
coordinated with the focal delivery of intracellular membranes that is necessary for optimal …

The Nef protein of HIV-1 is important for AIDS pathogenesis, but it is not targeted by current
antiviral strategies. Here, we describe a single-domain antibody (sdAb) that binds to HIV-1 …

The genomes of all retroviruses encode the Gag Pol and Env structural proteins. Human and
simian lentiviruses have acquired non-structural proteins among which Nef plays a major …

Human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) is a retrovirus that integrates its reverse-
transcribed genome as proviral DNA into the host genome to establish a successful …

Macrophages constitute an important reservoir of HIV-1 infection, yet HIV-1 entry into these
cells is poorly understood due to the difficulty in genetically manipulating primary …

Nef is a human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) auxiliary protein that plays an
important role in virus replication and the onset of acquired immunodeficiency. Although …