Discovery of the Earth's Van Allen radiation belts by instruments flown on Explorer 1 in 1958
was the first major discovery of the Space Age. The observation of distinct inner and outer …

All organisms suffer double‐strand breaks (DSBs) in their DNA as a result of exposure to
ionizing radiation. DSBs can also form when replication forks encounter DNA lesions or …

The Exploration of energization and Radiation in Geospace (ERG) project aims to study
acceleration and loss mechanisms of relativistic electrons around the Earth. The Arase …

Strong enhancements of outer Van Allen belt electrons have been shown to have a clear
dependence on solar wind speed and on the duration of southward interplanetary magnetic …

The first major scientific discovery of the Space Age was that the Earth is enshrouded in
toroids, or belts, of very high-energy magnetically trapped charged particles. Early …

The past decade transformed our observational understanding of energetic particle
processes in near‐Earth space. An unprecedented suite of observational systems was in …

We present observations of the radiation belts from the Helium Oxygen Proton Electron and
Magnetic Electron Ion Spectrometer particle detectors on the Van Allen Probes satellites that …

Abstract CIRBE (Colorado Inner Radiation Belt Experiment), a 3U CubeSat, was launched
on 15 April 2023 into a sun synchronous orbit (97.4° inclination and 509 km altitude). The …

Wave-particle interactions play a fundamental role in the dynamic variability of Earth's donut-
shaped radiation belts that are highly populated by magnetically trapped energetic particles …

Two of the largest geomagnetic storms of the last decade were witnessed in 2015. On 17
March 2015, a coronal mass ejection‐driven event occurred with a Dst (storm time ring …