Building on Zoltán Dörnyei's authoritative work in the field of learner motivation, this book
introduces a new conceptualization—Directed Motivational Currents (DMCs)—and sets out …

Forming connections between human performance and design, this new edition of
Engineering Psychology and Human Performance examines human–machine interaction …

Daniel Kahneman was not the first to suggest that attention and effort are closely associated,
but his 1973 book Attention and Effort, which claimed that attention can be identified with …

To cope with ever-increasing work demands, people often turn to multitasking. Although it is
known that multitasking harms objective task performance, we know relatively little about …

Directed motivational currents (DMCs) are goal-directed motivational surges in pursuit of a
much-desired personal outcome. This book introduces the reader to cutting-edge theory and …

Although widely used across psychology, economics, and philosophy, the concept of effort is
rarely ever defined. This article argues that the time is ripe to look for an explicit general …

This chapter introduces the idea of directed motivational currents (DMCs), and maps out the
conceptual antecedents. Explaining how the construct is an extension of Dörnyei's theory of …

How do performance incentives impact subjective experiences of mental effort? Incentives
may offset the costs of effort expenditure, resulting in reduced feelings of effort. Or they could …

The feeling of effort is familiar to most, if not all, humans. Prior research shows that the
feeling of effort shapes judgments (eg, of agency) and decisions (eg, to quit the current task) …

Objective: The avoidance of mental effort is a symptom criterion for Attention-
Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), but the experience of mental effort has received …