In the coming years and decades, advanced space-and ground-based observatories will
allow an unprecedented opportunity to probe the atmospheres and surfaces of potentially …

Modified tetrapyrroles are large macrocyclic compounds, consisting of diverse conjugation
and metal chelation systems and imparting an array of colors to the biological structures that …

A single-source reference on the biology of algae, the third edition of Algae: Anatomy,
Biochemistry, and Biotechnology examines the most important taxa and structures for …

There is currently a large effort to improve the performance of low cost renewable energy
devices. Dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) are emerging as one of the most promising low …

Photosystems I and II convert solar energy into the chemical energy that powers life.
Chlorophyll a photochemistry, using red light (680 to 700 nm), is near universal and is …

Cyanobacteria are unique among bacteria in performing oxygenic photosynthesis, often
together with nitrogen fixation and, thus, are major primary producers in many ecosystems …

Photosystem II (PSII) uses light energy to split water into chemical products that power the
planet. The stripped protons contribute to a membrane electrochemical potential before …

The ability to accurately compute low-energy excited states of chlorophylls is critically
important for understanding the vital roles they play in light harvesting, energy transfer, and …

Absorption spectra and fluorescence spectra are essential for use across the photosciences,
yet such spectra along with the all‐important values for molar absorption coefficient (ε) and …

INTRODUCTION Terrestrial cyanobacteria often occur in environments that receive strongly
filtered light because of shading by plants or because of their associations with soil crusts …