The development of buildings and other infrastructure in cities is viewed as a threat to local
biodiversity and ecosystem functioning because natural habitat is replaced. However, there …

The urban dimension of ecosystem services (ES) is underexposed, while the importance of
ES for human well‐being is nowhere as evident as in cities. Urban challenges such as air …

The increasing urbanization process is hypothesized to drastically alter (semi‐) natural
environments with a concomitant major decline in species abundance and diversity. Yet …

Rapid urbanization has engendered increased fragmentation of urban green spaces
combined with declining green space connectivity. This situation is significant in urban fringe …

The contrast between ecology in cities and ecology of cities has emphasized the increasing
scope of urban ecosystem research. Ecology in focuses on terrestrial and aquatic patches …

A great challenge for ecology in the coming decades is to understand the role humans play
in eco-evolutionary dynamics. If, as emerging evidence shows, rapid evolutionary change …

With increasing urbanization the importance of cities for biodiversity conservation grows.
This paper reviews the ways in which biodiversity is affected by urbanization and discusses …

Humanity is increasingly urban, but continues to depend on Nature for its survival. Cities are
dependent on the ecosystems beyond the city limits, but also benefit from internal urban …

This book provides a comprehensive discussion on urban growth and sprawl, and how they
can be analyzed using remote sensing imageries. It compiles views of numerous …

Soils in equilibrium with a natural forest ecosystem have high carbon (C) density. The ratio
of soil: vegetation C density increases with latitude. Land use change, particularly …