We review the history of the parallel tempering simulation method. From its origins in data
analysis, the parallel tempering method has become a standard workhorse of …

Bayesian inference provides a consistent method for the extraction of information from
physics experiments even in ill-conditioned circumstances. The approach provides a unified …

Metaphors, generalizations and unifications are natural and desirable ingredients of the
evolution of scientific theories and concepts. Physics, in particular, obviously walks along …

The series aims to: present current and emerging innovations in GIScience; describe new
and robust GIScience methods for use in transdisciplinary problem solving and decision …

Non-linear inverse problems in the geosciences often involve probabilistic sampling of
multimodal density functions or global optimization and sometimes both. Efficient algorithmic …

Empirically derived kappa distributions are becoming increasingly widespread in space
physics as the power law nature of various suprathermal tails is melded with more classical …

Macromolecular structures calculated from nuclear magnetic resonance data are not fully
determined by experimental data but depend on subjective choices in data treatment and …

This paper describes the physical foundations of the newly discovered “entropy defect” as a
basic concept of thermodynamics. The entropy defect quantifies the change in entropy …

Prior work has demonstrated that the memory dysfunction of Alzheimer's disease (AD) is
accompanied by marked cortical pathology in medial temporal lobe (MTL) gray matter. In …

More than 100,000 protein structures are now known at atomic detail. However, far more are
not yet known, particularly among large or complex proteins. Often, experimental information …