We assess evidence relevant to Earth's equilibrium climate sensitivity per doubling of
atmospheric CO2, characterized by an effective sensitivity S. This evidence includes …

Using heat or radiation as a single driving force for implementing carbon dioxide (CO 2)
conversion is usually limited by sluggish kinetics. Whereas the thermally-assisted …

The geological record encodes the relationship between climate and atmospheric carbon
dioxide (CO2) over long and short timescales, as well as potential drivers of evolutionary …

Variations in Earth's orbit pace the glacial-interglacial cycles of the Quaternary, but the
mechanisms that transform regional and seasonal variations in solar insolation into glacial …

The long-term cooling, decline in the partial pressure of carbon dioxide, and the
establishment of permanent polar ice sheets during the Neogene period, have frequently …

This paper is the first of a series of four GMD papers on the PMIP4-CMIP6 experiments. Part
2 (Otto-Bliesner et al., 2017) gives details about the two PMIP4-CMIP6 interglacial …

Abstract The Mid‐Pleistocene Transition (MPT), where the Pleistocene glacial cycles
changed from 41 to∼ 100 kyr periodicity, is one of the most intriguing unsolved issues in the …

Current atmospheric CO2 concentration is known to be higher than it has been during the
past∼ 800 ky of Earth history, based on direct measurement of CO2 within ice cores. A …

Reconstructing the evolution of sea level during past warmer epochs such as the Pliocene
provides insight into the response of sea level and ice sheets to prolonged warming …

Over the course of the Neogene, the Earth underwent profound climatic shifts from the
sustained warmth of the middle Miocene to the development of Plio-Pleistocene glacial …