Plasmids are universally present in bacteria and play key roles in the dissemination of
genes such as antibiotic resistance determinants. Major concepts in Plasmid Biology derive …

Toxin–antitoxin (TA) systems are entities found in the prokaryotic genomes, with eight
reported types. Type II, the best characterized, is comprised of two genes organized as an …

Phages and plasmids are regarded as distinct types of mobile genetic elements that drive
bacterial evolution by horizontal gene transfer. However, the distinction between both types …

Conjugation drives the horizontal transfer of adaptive traits across prokaryotes. One-fourth of
the plasmids encode the functions necessary to conjugate autonomously, the others being …

Plasmids can be transferred between cells by conjugation, thereby driving bacterial
evolution by horizontal gene transfer. Yet, we ignore the molecular mechanisms of transfer …

Plasmids are mobile genetic elements found in many clades of Archaea and Bacteria. They
drive horizontal gene transfer, impacting ecological and evolutionary processes within …

Infections caused by metallo-beta-lactamase-producing organisms (MBLs) are a global
health threat. Our understanding of transmission dynamics and how MBLs establish …

Shigella sonnei, the main cause of bacillary dysentery in high-income countries, has
become increasingly resistant to antibiotics. We monitored the antimicrobial susceptibility of …

Bacterial pathogens carrying multidrug resistance (MDR) plasmids are a major threat to
human health. The acquisition of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in plasmids is often …

Antimicrobial resistance is a major threat for public health. Plasmids play a critical role in the
spread of antimicrobial resistance via horizontal gene transfer between bacterial species …