Breast cancer is a heterogeneous disease that affects one anatomic site, yet is
phenotypically variable. 1, 2 The identification of different biological subtypes occurs …

Gene expression profiling has reshaped our understanding of breast cancer by identifying
four molecular subtypes:(1) luminal A,(2) luminal B,(3) human epidermal growth factor …

Breast Cancer in Men Breast cancer in men accounts for about 1% of all breast cancers and
is mainly estrogen-receptor–positive. Few prospective studies of treatment in men have …

Proliferation is an important part of cancer development and progression. This is manifest by
altered expression and/or activity of cell cycle related proteins. Constitutive activation of …

Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a complex and aggressive subtype of breast cancer
which lacks oestrogen receptors, progesterone receptors and HER2 amplification, thereby …

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) accounts for 15% to 20% of breast cancer cases and
is characterized by the absence of estrogen, progesterone, and human epidermal growth …

Steroid sulfation and desulfation are fundamental pathways vital for a functional vertebrate
endocrine system. After biosynthesis, hydrophobic steroids are sulfated to expedite …

Breast cancer is composed of several well-recognized subtypes including estrogen receptor,
progesterone receptor and HER2 triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). Without available …

Breast cancer is the most commonly occurring cancer in women. There were over two-
million new cases in world in 2018. It is the second leading cause of death from cancer in …

Despite significant progress in breast cancer (BC) therapy, it is globally the most commonly
diagnosed cancer and leads to the death of over 650,000 women annually. Androgen …