Angiosperms and their flowers have greatly diversified into an overwhelming array of forms
in the past 135 million years. Diversification was shaped by changes in climate and the …

In basal angiosperms (including ANITA grade, magnoliids, Choranthaceae,
Ceratophyllaceae) almost all bisexual flowers are dichogamous (with male and female …

Friedman WE, RC Moore, and MD Purugganan. 2004. The evolution of plant development.
Am. J. Bot. 91: 1726–1741. Friis EM, PR Crane, and KP Pedersen. 1997. Fossil history of …

Increasingly robust understanding of angiosperm phylogeny allows more secure
reconstruction of the flower in the most recent common ancestor of extant angiosperms and …

Eudicots and their currently recognized major subclades are characterized as to floral
structure (including some “embryological” features) based on ca. 3000 original publications …

Over the past 25 years, discoveries of Early Cretaceous fossil flowers, often associated with
pollen and sometimes with vegetative parts, have revolutionized our understanding of the …

Developmental genetic pathways involved in flower formation in model plants such as
Arabidopsis and maize enable us to identify genes, gene families, and gene networks that …

Premise Significant paleobotanical discoveries in recent decades have considerably
improved our understanding of the early evolution of angiosperms and their flowers …

Inferring directions of character transformation during angiosperm evolution is widely
appreciated as one of the most important goals of systematic botany, offering the potential to …

The question of whether any angiosperms existed before the Cretaceous period is of key
importance for understanding seedplant evolution. Most authorities suggest that the earliest …