Muscle has conventionally been viewed as a motor that converts chemical to kinetic energy
in series with a passive spring, but new insights emerge when muscle is viewed as a …

Muscular hydrostats are organs composed entirely of packed arrays of incompressible
muscles and lacking any skeletal support. Found in both vertebrates and invertebrates, they …

The benefit of introducing nonlinear stiffness elements to improve the dynamic performance
of vibration energy harvesters, vibration isolators and vibration absorbers have attracted …

In this paper, it is shown how a nonlinear elastic mechanical system can be exploited to
increase the elastic potential energy compared to its linear counterpart. A strategy for …

Eccentric muscle loading encompasses several unique features compared to other types of
contractions. These features include increased force, work, and performance at decreased …

Leg morphology is an important outcome of evolution. A remarkable morphological leg
feature is the existence of biarticular muscles that span adjacent joints. Diverse studies from …

The implementation methods of finite element analysis (FEA) have remained essentially
unchanged since the inception of FEA in the 1960s. Alterations of any of the input or design …

Backed by a century of research and development, Hill-type muscle-tendon models are
extensively used for countless applications. Lacking recent reviews, the field of Hill-type …

The force developed by actively lengthened muscle depends on different structures across
different scales of lengthening. For small perturbations, the active response of muscle is well …

Mathematical models and computer simulations have the great potential to substantially
increase our understanding of the biophysical behavior of the neuromuscular system. This …