The homeobox (HOX) genes are a highly conserved family of homeodomain-containing
transcription factors that specify cell identity in early development and, subsequently, in a …

Several decades have passed since the discovery of Hox genes in the fruit fly Drosophila
melanogaster. Their unique ability to regulate morphologies along the anteroposterior (AP) …

Many homeobox genes encode transcription factors with regulatory roles in animal and
plant development. Homeobox genes are found in almost all eukaryotes, and have …

Life on earth is characterized by three striking phenomena that demand explanation:
adaptation—the marvelous fit between organism and environment; diversity—the great …

Once called the'Rosetta stone'of developmental biology, the homeobox continues to
fascinate both evolutionary and developmental biologists. The birth of the homeotic, or Hox …

Controversy surrounds the apparent rising maximums of morphological complexity during
eukaryotic evolution, with organisms increasing the number and nestedness of …

SUMMARY A review of the old and new literature on animal morphology/embryology and
molecular studies has led me to the following scenario for the early evolution of the …

Background Hox genes were critical to many morphological innovations of bilaterian
animals. However, early Hox evolution remains obscure. Phylogenetic, developmental, and …

Cnidarians are the simplest metazoans with a nervous system. They are well known for their
regeneration capacity, which is based on the restoration of a signalling centre (organizer) …

Variations in body weight and in the distribution of body fat are associated with feed
availability, thermoregulation, and energy reserve. Ethiopia is characterized by distinct agro …