Microbial life represents the majority of Earth's biodiversity. Across disparate disciplines from
medicine to forestry, scientists continue to discover how the microbiome drives essential …

Three decades of research have demonstrated that biodiversity can promote the functioning
of ecosystems. Yet, it is unclear whether the positive effects of biodiversity on ecosystem …

Forests are a substantial terrestrial carbon sink, but anthropogenic changes in land use and
climate have considerably reduced the scale of this system. Remote-sensing estimates to …

Multispecies tree planting has long been applied in forestry and landscape restoration in the
hope of providing better timber production and ecosystem services; however, a systematic …

Natural ecosystems store large amounts of carbon globally, as organisms absorb carbon
from the atmosphere to build large, long-lasting, or slow-decaying structures such as tree …

Chapter 2, building on prior assessments, provides a global assessment of the observed
impacts and projected risks of climate change to terrestrial and freshwater ecosystems …

Causal effects of biodiversity on ecosystem functions can be estimated using experimental
or observational designs—designs that pose a tradeoff between drawing credible causal …

One of the most fundamental questions in ecology is how many species inhabit the Earth.
However, due to massive logistical and financial challenges and taxonomic difficulties …

Background Increases in fire activity and changes in fire regimes have been documented in
recent decades across the western United States. Climate change is expected to continue to …

Restoring species diversity is proposed as a strategy to improve ecosystem resistance to
extreme droughts, but the impact of species diversity on resistance has not been evaluated …