Achieving universal access to clean water, as mandated by SDG 6–Clean Water and
Sanitation, is crucial for supporting human health and environmental sustainability. Water …

Characterisation of the water treatment sludge (WTS) generated in drinking water treatment
plants (DWTPs) is crucial to define alternatives for its adequate management, including …

The increasing and continuous generation of water treatment plant sludge (WTPS) is still an
under-recognised problem, although in most countries the inappropriate disposal of WTPS …

Purifying water for diverse uses is vital, but concerns lie with the sustainability and
accessibility of purification materials. As such, this study converted readily available water …

The production of drinking water often leads to the creation of a high residual concentration
of aluminum when mineral salts are used. This concentration must be carefully monitored …

In this study, we utilized drinking water treatment sludge (WTS) to produce adsorbents
through the drying and calcination process. These adsorbents were then evaluated for their …

The preparation of novel sludge-based biochar and its application as soil amendments are
considered as an environmentally friendly way to realize sludge recycling. In this study, a …

The removal of nitrogen in wastewater treatment systems is temperature-sensitive, with
lower temperatures inhibiting the activity of nitrogen-removing bacteria. To mitigate this …

The water quality produced by reverse osmosis is aggressive and highly demineralized,
making it unsuitable for direct use and consumption as a source of drinking water. For this …

Water stress, resulting from a demand for water exceeding the available quantity, is a major
global challenge. Groundwater usage is a commonly adopted strategy to address this …