The interactions between organisms and their environments can shape distributions of
spatial genetic variation, resulting in patterns of isolation by environment (IBE) in which …

We review commonly used population definitions under both the ecological paradigm
(which emphasizes demographic cohesion) and the evolutionary paradigm (which …

The origin of biological diversity, via the formation of new species, can be inextricably linked
to adaptation to the ecological environment. Specifically, ecological processes are central to …

In recent years, scientists have realized that evolution can occur on timescales much shorter
than the" long lapse of ages" emphasized by Darwin—in fact, evolutionary change is …

Natural selection commonly drives the origin of species, as Darwin initially claimed.
Mechanisms of speciation by selection fall into two broad categories: ecological and …

The long history of reciprocal transplant studies testing the hypothesis of local adaptation
has shown that populations are often adapted to their local environments. Yet many studies …

Genetic data are often used to assess 'population connectivity'because it is difficult to
measure dispersal directly at large spatial scales. Genetic connectivity, however, depends …

The emerging field of speciation genomics is advancing our understanding of the evolution
of reproductive isolation from the individual gene to a whole-genome perspective. In this …

The global impacts of climate change are evident in every marine ecosystem. On coral reefs,
mass coral bleaching and mortality have emerged as ubiquitous responses to ocean …

Gene flow among populations can enhance local adaptation if it introduces new genetic
variants available for selection, but strong gene flow can also stall adaptation by swam** …