The first member and eponym of the rhodopsin family was identified in the 1930s as the
visual pigment of the rod photoreceptor cell in the animal retina. It was found to be a …

Hydrogen production through water splitting is a vital strategy for renewable and sustainable
clean energy. In this study, we developed an approach integrating nanomaterial …

Light is a significant factor for living organisms with photosystems, like microbial rhodopsin—
a retinal protein that functions as an ion pump, channel, and sensory transduction …

Rhodopsin and carotenoids are two molecules that certain bacteria use to absorb and utilize
light. Type I rhodopsin, the simplest active proton transporter, converts light energy into an …

Microorganisms are the diverse living things present on the Earth. India has numerous
unique thermal habitats that comprise several diversity hotspots, such as hot springs, deep …

Microbial rhodopsins are light‐activated proteins that contain seven transmembrane alpha‐
helices. Spectral tuning in microbial rhodopsins is a useful optogenetic tool. In this study, we …