This article is a critical review of methods integrating environmental aspects into productive
efficiency. We describe the classic modelling approach relying on the weak disposability …

In recent years there has been an exponential growth in the number of publications related
to theory and applications of Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA). Charnes, Cooper, and …

This chapter theoretically discusses existing methodologies to model environmental
adjustments of technologies. We elaborate on the limitations of treating pollution as an input …

Abstract On June 25, 2013, President Obama announced his plan to introduce carbon
dioxide emission standards for electricity generation. This paper proposes an efficiency …

The key feature when modelling joint production of intended outputs and unintended
residuals is that the latter stem from the use of material inputs. A multi-equation model …

Many real-world production processes generate pollution as an undesirable but inevitable
by-product. Identifying, measuring and removing existing inefficiencies can simultaneously …

Assessing the production of goods and services while minimizing the damage to the
environment is a key component to advance sustainable development at national and global …

The aim of this to study is to examine how non-performing loans on the balance sheets of
Japanese banks affect their performance by adopting a material balance principle. The …

The question of how to properly model production systems with unintended outputs has
proven both controversial and of particular interest to the productivity and efficiency …

Joint production is a term with a long history in economics, encompassing a variety of
ubiquitous production types that usually generate both main products as well as desirable …