The brain is a vital organ, susceptible to alterations under genetic influences and
environmental experiences. Social isolation (SI) acts as a stressor which results in …

Although hormones such as glucocorticoids have been broadly accepted in recent decades
as general neuromodulators of memory processes, sex steroid hormones such as the potent …

Social behaviors are among the most important motivated behaviors. How dopamine (DA),
a" reward" signal, releases during social behaviors has been a topic of interest for decades …

Background: There is growing appreciation for the importance of bacteria in sha** brain
development and behaviour. Adolescence and early adulthood are crucial developmental …

Oxytocin and vasopressin are regulators of anxiety, stress-co**, and sociality. They are
released within hypothalamic and limbic areas from dendrites, axons, and perikarya …

Biological differences between males and females are found at multiple levels. However,
females have too often been under-represented in behavioral neuroscience research, which …

Oxytocin (OT) and arginine-vasopressin (AVP) act in the brain to regulate social
cognition/social behavior and in the periphery to influence a variety of physiological …

Social recognition memory is an essential and basic component of social behavior that is
used to discriminate familiar and novel animals/humans. Previous studies have shown the …

Social cognition enables individuals to understand others' intentions. Social memory is a
necessary component of this process, for without it, subsequent encounters are devoid of …

Learning to respond to others' distress with well-regulated empathy is an important
developmental task linked to positive health outcomes and moral achievements. However …