The pandemic spread of a novel coronavirus–SARS coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) as a
cause of acute respiratory illness, named Covid-19, is placing the healthcare systems of …

CpG Oligonucleotides (ODN) are immunomodulatory synthetic oligonucleotides specifically
designed to stimulate Toll-like receptor 9. TLR9 is expressed on human plasmacytoid …

Vaccine refers to biological products that are produced using various pathogenic
microorganisms for inoculation. The goal of vaccination is to induce a robust immune …

Porcine deltacoronavirus (PDCoV) is a global epidemic enteropathogenic coronavirus that
mainly infects piglets, and causes huge losses to the pig industry. However, there are still no …

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) has caused the global
pandemic. The virus is rapidly evolving, characterized by the emergence of several major …

Therapeutic human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA vaccine is an attractive option to control
existed HPV infection and related lesions. The two early viral oncoproteins, E6 and E7, are …

Human respiratory syncytial virus (HRSV) is a leading cause of death in young children and
there are no FDA approved vaccines. Bovine RSV (BRSV) is antigenically similar to HRSV …

The initial months of life reflect an extremely challenging time for newborns as a naïve
immune system is bombarded with a large array of pathogens, commensals, and other …

Respiratory Syncytial Virus is a yearly respiratory virus that causes significant frequencies of
morbidities, particularly in the young and elderly populations. However, preventive vaccines …

The development of oral vaccine formulation is crucial to facilitate an effective mass
immunization program for various vaccine-preventable diseases. In this work, the efficacy of …