Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are harmful pollutants emitted from industrial
processes. They pose a risk to human health and ecosystems, even at low concentrations …

Abstract Nowadays, people spend 80–90% of their time indoors, while recent policies on
energy efficient and safe buildings require reduced building ventilation rates and locked …

Benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylene (BTEX) compounds, notably benzene, pose
health risks, necessitating monitoring and mitigation strategies. Anthropogenic and natural …

Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are crucial air pollutants in indoor environments,
emitted from building materials, furniture, consumer products, cleaning products, smoking …

Indoor air pollution affects the global population, especially in developed countries where
people spend around 90% of their time indoors. The recent pandemic exacerbated the …

Vertical greening systems (VGSs) represent an emerging technology within the field of
building-integrated horticulture that have been used to help counteract the global issues of …

Globally, air pollution is an unfortunate aftermath of rapid industrialization and urbanization.
Although the best strategy is to prevent air pollution, it is not always feasible. This makes it …

Phytoremediation is an environmentally friendly, economical, and sustainable technique for
restoring farmland. It can remove heavy metals and organic pollutants from the soil through …

Formaldehyde is an organic volatile compound and a commonly used chemical in various
construction materials thus causing dwellers to be exposed to it inside a building. Its …

Indoor air pollution is a serious health problem throughout the world. Plants are known to be
able to reduce the effect of air pollution and improve indoor air quality (IAQ). The aim of the …